What it is
The ligne (often written L) is the button-trade unit for diameter. 1 ligne = 1/40 inch = 0.635 mm. It is not the old Paris typographic line, not Chinese market cun, and not Japanese wasai sun.
How to use
Multiply the L number on a button card or pattern by 0.635 to get millimeters. 24 ligne = 15.24 mm. Reverse: mm / 0.635. The converter above uses this factor.
mm = ligne × 0.635
Example: 1 ligne = 0.635 mm
Common uses
Shirt buttons about 16-18 ligne (about 10-11.5 mm); suit front buttons often 24-28 ligne; coats 32-36 ligne. A 3/4-inch button on a pattern is 30 ligne. For buying buttons, buttonholes, and imported notions.
Conversion tips
40 ligne = 1 inch. 16L ~ 10 mm, 18L ~ 11.4 mm, 24L ~ 15.2 mm, 30L = 19.05 mm. Do not mix ligne with denier in the same column.